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Michael R. Collier

Code 692, Interplanetary Physics
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

(301)286-5256 (work)
(301)286-1648 (fax)
email: michael.r.collier@nasa.gov



[present position] [education] [research interests/experience] [publications] [instrument teams] [honors and awards] [professional activities] [professional presentations]

PRESENT POSITION

Astrophysicist
Fields and Particles
NASA/GSFC
Code 692 - Interplanetary Physics



EDUCATION

September 1984 - May 1988
B.S. Physics, summa cum laude
University of Maryland, College Park

September 1988 - May 1990
M.S. Physics
University of Maryland, College Park

May 1990 - August 1993
Ph.D. Physics
University of Maryland, College Park

(Thesis: Energetic Particle Acceleration in the Jovian Magnetosphere)



RESEARCH INTERESTS/EXPERIENCE

nasa logo June 1998 - Present
Astrophysicist
Fields and Particles
NASA/GSFC
Code 692 - Interplanetary Physics

As a Civil Service Scientist in the Interplanetary Branch of the Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics (LEP) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and as a Heliospheric and Operations Participating Scientist on the IMAGE mission, I analyzed LENA neutral atom data from ionospheric outflow, from the solar wind and magnetosheath, and from the Earth's ring current. I have helped design, develop and test flight instrument prototypes including a neutral atom imager for Jovian applications and a pickup ion instrument for lunar studies.

In my first few years as a Civil Servant, I examined, using magnetic field data from three spacecraft, Wind, IMP 8, and Geotail, the typical radius of curvature of interplanetary structures. I also combined data from numerous experiments on the Wind spacecraft: MFI, 3DP, SWE, and MASS from inside a magnetic cloud which together showed signatures associated with reconnection. I provided support to the LENA instrument team with duties including design and testing of the start and stop time of flight anode assemblies and other LENA components. In my role as LENA Instrument Scientist, I organized and supported commanding both in-flight and during IMAGE observatory mission simulations. On occasion, I served as acting Branch Head of Code 692.


September 1996 - June 1998
Research Associate
NASA/GSFC
Code 696 - Electrodynamics

During my tenure as a National Research Council Resident Research Associate at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, I investigated correlations between magnetic field observations from multiple spacecraft in the interplanetary medium and studied the magnetotail response to sudden increases in solar wind pressure. This work produced six presentations at professional meetings and two papers. The analysis required programming in FORTRAN and IDL (Interactive Data Language) on UNIX-based SUN systems and included manipulating, processing, plotting, and statistically analyzing data from the WIND, IMP-8, and Geotail spacecraft. Other areas of my work required developing software using the C programming language as well as assisting with and developing web sites using HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). In addition, I contributed to the development and construction of the time-of-flight and heater/conversions surface units for the Low Energy Neutral Atom (LENA) imager launched on the IMAGE spacecraft. This required testing instrument hardware in vacuum chambers with accelerated ion beams and analyzing the acquired test data. I also assisted in the design of a novel type of magnetic spectrometer which uses tomographic principles to determine electron distribution functions.


July 1996 - September 1996
Consultant
Visiting Scientist Program
Universities Space Research Association

As a consultant at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, I analyzed IMP-8, WIND, and Geotail magnetometer and particle data from the magnetotail lobe and interplanetary medium to determine magnetotail response times, magnetic field profiles, and structure convection times. This analysis was performed using IDL (Interactive Data Language) on a UNIX-based Sun Sparc Station and resulted in a publication and two contributed presentations.


September 1993 - September 1996
Research Associate
University of Maryland
Department of Physics

While a research associate at the University of Maryland, College Park, I published five first author papers on heliospheric physics, outer planets magnetospheric physics, and the generation and properties of superthermal particle distributions. In addition, from the launch of the WIND spacecraft in November 1994 through September 1996, I ground commanded the MASS, SWICS, and STICS instrument package. This involved changing instrument modes, raising instrument high voltages, and checking the status of the sensors. I have also analyzed data from the three sensors, particularly the MASS instrument, to determine abundance ratios, temperatures, and detailed distribution functions of minor ion species in the solar wind. This work has led to numerous scientific publications and contributed talks. I have analyzed energetic particle data from the LECP (Low Energy Charged Particle) experiment on the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft in the Jovian and Saturnian magnetospheres, upstream of the Jovian bowshock, and in the interplanetary medium. This work also led to many publications and contributed talks. In addition, I analyzed Voyager 1 magnetometer data. In conjunction with this work, I programmed extensively in FORTRAN. I have delivered undergraduate physics lectures and answered student questions during the occasional absence of the regular professor.


September 1988 - August 1993
Research Assistant
University of Maryland
Department of Physics

While a research assistant at the University of Maryland, I developed numerical simulation software to help in the design and development of the MASS instrument on the WIND spacecraft. In addition, I tested prototypes of the MASS instrument using Van de Graaff and other electrostatic particle accelerators at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. On this project, high vacuum systems were employed. In addition, I have analyzed energetic particle data from the LECP instrument on the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft as well as magnetometer data from the Voyager 1 spacecraft. The data analysis required use of both IBM and VAX/VMS data types and conversions between them. I also delivered undergraduate physics lectures and supervised undergraduate laboratory classes in the absence of the regular professor.


June 1986 - August 1988
Engineering Physicist Assistant
University of Maryland
Department of Physics

While an engineering physicist assistant at the University of Maryland, College Park, I performed numerical simulations to determine the design characteristics and dimensions of MASS instrument prototypes. In addition, I tested MASS instrument prototypes in the laboratory environment. This work involved the use of high vacuum systems. I also examined the feasibility of other energy-independent, time of flight mass spectrometers analytically and using computer models. I performed experiments characterizing channeling in ion implanted silicon solid state detectors using particle accelerators at Goddard Space Flight Center. I also did engineering studies characterizing the noise and dead layer properties of silicon solid state detectors.



PUBLICATIONS

  1. 050FC019 - Michael R. Collier, Thomas E. Moore, David Simpson, Aaron Roberts, Adam Szabo, Stephen Fuselier, Peter Wurz, Martin A. Lee, and Bruce T. Tsurutani, An unexplained 10-40° shift in the location of some diverse neutral atom data at 1 AU, Adv. Space Res., 34, 166-171, 2004.
  2. 049FC018 - Michael R. Collier, Are magnetospheric suprathermal particle distributions (kappa functions) inconsistent with maximum entropy considerations?, Adv. Space Res., 33, 2108-2112, 2004.
  3. 048SJ017 - Snowden, S.L., M.R. Collier, and K.D. Kuntz, XMM-Newton observation of solar wind charge exchange emission, Astrophys. J., 610, 1182-1190, August 1, 2004.
  4. 047SJ017 - Taguchi, S., M.R. Collier, T.E. Moore, M.-C. Fok, and H.J. Singer, Response of neutral atom emissions in the low-latitude and high-latitude magnetosheath direction to the magnetopause motion under extreme solar wind conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 109, A04208, doi:10.1029/2003JA010147, 2004.
  5. 046PJ017 - Fok, M.-C., T.E. Moore, M.R. Collier, and T. Tanaka, Neutral atom imaging of solar wind interaction with the Earth and Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 109(A1), A01206, doi:10.1029/2003JA010094, 2004.
  6. 045FC017 - Michael R. Collier, Thomas E. Moore, K. Ogilvie, D.J. Chornay, J. Keller, S. Fuselier, J. Quinn, P. Wurz, M. Wuest, and K.C. Hsieh, Dust in the wind: The dust geometric cross section at 1 AU based on neutral solar wind observations, in Solar Wind Ten, Proceedings of the Tenth International Solar Wind Conference, M. Velli, R. Bruno and F. Malara (eds.), AIP Conf. Proceedings, Vol. 679, American Institute of Physics, Melville, New York, 790-793, 2003.
  7. 044SC016 - Moore, T.E., M.R. Collier, M.-C. Fok, S.A. Fuselier, H. Khan, W. Lennartsson, D.G. Simpson, G.R. Wilson, and M.O. Chandler, Heliosphere-geosphere interactions using low energy neutral atom imaging, Space Sci. Rev., 109, 351-371, 2003.
  8. 043PC016 - Fuselier, S.A., S.B. Mende, T.E. Moore, H.U. Frey, S.M. Petrinec, E.S. Claflin, and M.R. Collier, Cusp dynamics and ionospheric outflow, Space Sci. Rev., 109, 285-312, 2003.
  9. 042SJ016 - Khan, H., M.R. Collier, and T.E. Moore, Case study of solar wind pressure variations and neutral atom emissions observed by IMAGE/LENA, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A12), 1422, SIA 2-1-2-15, doi:10.1029/2003JA009977, 2003.
  10. 041PJ016 - Wilson, G.R., T.E. Moore, M. Collier, Low-energy neutral atoms observed near the Earth, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A4), 10.1029/2002JA009643, 2003.
  11. 040FJ016 - Collier, Michael R., Dennis J. Chornay, John W. Keller, Michael Coplan, Norman J. Dionne, Brahim El Marji, Federico Herrero, Joe Hirman, Jeffrey Houser, John Moore, and James A. Slavin, Tomographic imaging of electron distributions: Leveraging computing power advances to produce inexpensive, low-power, lightweight, and robust instrumentation, Rev. Sci. Inst., 74(2), 1002-1007, 2003.
  12. 039PJ015 - Weimer, D.R., D.M. Ober, N.C. Maynard, M.R. Collier, D.J. McComas, N.F. Ness, C.W. Smith, and J. Watermann, Predicting interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) propagation delay times using minimum variance techniques, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A1), 10.1029/2002JA009405, 2003.
  13. 038PJ015 - Fuselier, S.A., H.L. Collin, A.G. Ghielmetti, E.S. Claflin, T.E. Moore, M.R. Collier, H. Frey, and S.B. Mende, Localized ion outflow in response to a solar wind pressure pulse, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A8), SMP 26-1-26-9, 2001JA000297, 2002.
  14. 037PJ015 - Weimer, D.R., D.M. Ober, N.C. Maynard, W.J. Burke, M.R. Collier, D.J. McComas, N.F. Ness, and C.W. Smith, Variable time delays in the propagation of the interplanetary magnetic field, J. Geophys. Res., 107(A8), 10.1029/2001JA009102, 2002.
  15. 036FJ015 - Collier, Michael R., Thomas E. Moore, Keith W. Ogilvie, Dennis Chornay, J.W. Keller, S. Boardsen, James Burch, B. El Marji, M.-C. Fok, S.A. Fuselier, A.G. Ghielmetti, B.L. Giles, D.C. Hamilton, B.L. Peko, J.M. Quinn, E.C. Roelof, T.M. Stephen, G.R. Wilson, and P. Wurz, Observations of neutral atoms from the solar wind, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 24,893-24,906, 2001.
  16. 035PJ014 - Moldwin, Mark B., S. Mayerberger, H.K. Rassoul, M.R. Collier, R.P. Lepping, J.A. Slavin, and Adam Szabo, Evidence of different magnetotail reponses to small solar wind pressure pulses depending on IMF Bz polarity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4163-4166, 2001.
  17. 034SJ014 - Moldwin, Mark B., M.R. Collier, J.A. Slavin, and A. Szabo, On the origin of reverse polarity TCRs, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1925-1928, 2001.
  18. 033PJ014 - Fuselier, S.A., A.G. Ghielmetti, Moore, T.E., M.R. Collier, J.M. Quinn, G.R. Wilson, P. Wurz, S.B. Mende, H.U. Frey, C. Jamar, J.-C. Gerard, and J.L. Burch, Ion outflow observed by IMAGE: Implications for source regions and heating mechanisms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1163-1166, 2001.
  19. 032SJ014 - Moore, T.E., M.R. Collier, J.L. Burch, D.J. Chornay, S.A. Fuselier, A.G. Ghielmetti, B.L. Giles, D.C. Hamilton, F.A. Herrero, J.W. Keller, K.W. Ogilvie, B.L. Peko, J.M. Quinn, T.M. Stephen, G.R. Wilson, and P. Wurz, Low Energy Neutral Atoms in the Magnetosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1143-1146, 2001.
  20. 031FJ014 - Collier, Michael R., Adam Szabo, W. Farrell, James A. Slavin, R.P. Lepping, R. Fitzenreiter, B. Thompson, D.C. Hamilton, G. Gloeckler, G.C. Ho, P. Bochsler, D. Larson and L. Ofman, Reconnection remnants in the magnetic cloud of October 18-19, 1995: A shock, monochromatic wave, heat flux dropout and energetic ion beam, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 15,985-16,000, 2001.
  21. 030FJ013 - Collier, Michael R., Adam Szabo, James A. Slavin, R.P. Lepping, and S. Kokubun, IMF length scales and predictability: The two length scale medium, Int. J. Geomag. and Aeron., 2, 3-16, 2000.
  22. 029PJ012 - Chotoo, K., N.A. Schwadron, G.M. Mason, T.H. Zurbuchen, G. Gloeckler, A. Posner, L.A. Fisk, A.B. Galvin, D.C. Hamilton and M.R. Collier, The suprathermal seed population for CIR ions at 1 AU deduced from composition and spectra of H+, He++, and He+ observed on WIND, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 23,107-23,122, 2000.
  23. 028PJ012 - Moore, T.E., D. Chornay, M.R. Collier, F.A. Herrero, J. Johnson, M.A. Johnson, J.W. Keller, J.F. Laudadio, J.F. Lobell, K.W. Ogilvie, P. Rozmarynowski, S.A. Fuselier, A.G. Ghielmetti, E. Hertzberg, D.C. Hamilton, R. Lundgren, P. Wilson, P. Walpole, T. Stephen, B. Van Zyl, P. Wurz, and J.M. Quinn, The Low Energy Neutral Atom imager for the IMAGE mission, Space Sci. Rev., 91, 155-195, 2000.
  24. 027FJ012 - Collier, Michael R., Evolution of kappa distributions under velocity space diffusion: A model for the observed relationship between their spectral parameters, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 28,559-28,564, 1999.
  25. 026PJ011 - Moore, T.E., W.K. Peterson, C.T. Russell, M.O. Chandler, M.R. Collier, H.L. Collin, P.D. Craven, R. Fitzenreiter, B.L. Giles, and C.J. Pollock, Ionospheric mass ejection in response to a CME, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26(15), 2339-2342, 1999.
  26. 025PJ011 - Smith, J.P., M.F. Thomsen, J.E. Borovsky, and M. Collier, Solar wind density as a driver for the ring current in mild storms, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1797-1800, 1999.
  27. 024FJ011 - Collier, M.R., J.A. Slavin, R.P. Lepping, K. Ogilvie, A. Szabo, H. Laakso, and S. Taguchi, Multispacecraft observations of sudden impulses in the magnetotail caused by solar wind pressure discontinuities: WIND and IMP 8, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17,293-17,305, 1998.
  28. 023FJ010 - Collier, Michael R., J.A. Slavin, R.P. Lepping, A. Szabo, and K. Ogilvie, Timing accuracy for the simple planar propagation of magnetic field structures in the solar wind, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2509-2512, 1998.
  29. 022FJ009 - Collier, Michael R., D.C. Hamilton, G. Gloeckler, G. Ho, P. Bochsler, R. Bodmer, and R. Sheldon, The oxygen-16 to oxygen-18 abundance ratio in the solar wind observed by WIND/MASS, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 7-13, 1998.
  30. 021PJ008 - Thomsen, M.F., J.E. Borovsky, D.J. McComas, and M.R. Collier, Variability of the ring current source population, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3481-3484, 1998.
  31. 020SJ008 - Chotoo, K., M.R. Collier, A.B. Galvin, D.C. Hamilton, and G. Gloeckler, Extended solar wind helium distribution functions in high-speed streams, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17.441-17,445, 1998.
  32. 019PJ008 - Laakso, H., D.H. Fairfield, M.R. Collier, H. Opgenoorth, T.-D. Phan, D.G. Sibeck, B.L. Giles, H.J. Singer, R.P. Lepping, R.P. Lin, F.S. Mozer, R.F. Pfaff, K. Tsuruda, and J.R. Wygant, Oscillations of magnetospheric boundaries driven by IMF rotations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3007-3010, 1998.
  33. 018PJ008 - Bochsler, P., H. Balsiger, R. Bodmer, O. Kern, Th. Zurbuchen, G. Gloeckler, D.C. Hamilton, M.R. Collier, and D. Hovestadt, Limits of the efficiency of isotope fractionation processes in the solar wind derived from the magnesium isotopic composition as observed with the WIND/MASS experiment, Phys. Chem. Earth, 22, 401-404, 1997.
  34. 017PJ008 - Oetliker, M., D. Hovestadt, B. Klecker, M.R. Collier, G. Gloeckler, D.C. Hamilton, F.M. Ipavich, P. Bochsler, and G.G. Managadze, The isotopic composition of iron in the solar wind: First measurements with the MASS sensor on the WIND spacecraft, Ap. J. Letters, 474, L69-L72, 1997.
  35. 016FJ008 - Collier, M.R., D.C. Hamilton, G. Gloeckler, P. Bochsler, and R.B. Sheldon, Neon-20, Oxygen-16, and Helium-4 densities, temperatures, and suprathermal tails in the solar wind determined with WIND/MASS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1191-1194, 1996.
  36. 015FJ007 - Collier, M.R. and R.P. Lepping, Jovian magnetopause breathing, Planetary and Space Science, 44, 187-197, 1996.
  37. 014SJ006 - Cohen, C.M.S., M.R. Collier, D.C. Hamilton, G. Gloeckler, R.B. Sheldon, R von Steiger, and B. Wilken, Kinetic temperature ratios of O6+ and He2+: Observations from Wind/MASS and Ulysses/SWICS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1187-1190, 1996.
  38. 013PJ006 - Maclennan, C.G., L.J. Lanzerotti, R.B. Decker, S.M. Krimigis, M.R. Collier, and D.C. Hamilton, Helioradius dependence of interplanetary carbon and oxygen abundances during 1991 solar activity, Ap. J. Letters, 468, L123-L126, 1996.
  39. 012PC006 - Bochsler, P., M. Gonin, R.B. Sheldon, Th. Zurbuchen, G. Gloeckler, D.C. Hamilton, M.R. Collier, and D. Hovestadt, Abundance of solar wind magnesium isotopes determined with WIND/MASS, Solar Wind 8, American Institute of Physics, 199-202, 1996.
  40. 011FJ006 - Collier, Michael R., The adiabatic transport of superthermal distributions modelled by kappa functions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2673-2676, 1995.
  41. 010FJ005 - Collier, Michael R. and D.C. Hamilton, The relationship between kappa and temperature in energetic ion spectra at Jupiter, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 303-306, 1995.
  42. 009PC004 - Krimigis, S.M., R. Decker, R. McNutt, D. Venkatesan, D. Hamilton, and M. Collier, Energetic particle activity in the heliosphere, 1991-1995, Proceedings of the 24th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 4, 401, 1995.
  43. 008PC004 - Decker, R.B., S.M. Krimigis, R.L. McNutt, D.C. Hamilton, and M.R. Collier, Latitude-associated differences in the low energy charged particle activity at Voyagers 1 and 2 during 1991 to early 1994, Proceedings of the 28th ESLAB Symposium on the High Latitude Heliosphere, Space Sci. Rev., 72, 347, 1995.
  44. 007FJ004 - Collier, Michael R., On generating kappa-like distribution functions using velocity space Lévy flights, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 1531-1534, 1993.
  45. 006FJ003 - Collier, Michael R., A mathematical model of habituation and addiction, Int. J. Addict., 28, 175-185, 1993.
  46. 005FJ002 - Collier, Michael R., Richard E. Berg, and Richard A. Ferrell, The Feynman inverse sprinkler problem: A detailed kinematic study, Am. J. Phys., 59, 349-355, 1991.
  47. 004SL001 - Berg, Richard E. and Michael R. Collier, Letter to the editor, Phys. Today, 43, 13, July 1990.
  48. 003SJ001 - Berg, Richard E. and Michael R. Collier, The Feynman inverse sprinkler problem: A demonstration and quantitative analysis, Am. J. Phys., 57, 654-657, 1989.
  49. 002FT001 - Collier, Michael R., R.A. Lundgren, and D.C. Hamilton, Channeling in ion implanted silicon solid-state detectors, University of Maryland Technical Report, PP 89-001, July 1988.
  50. 001FC001 - Collier, Michael R., Channeling in ion implanted silicon solid-state detectors, Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Undergraduate Research, April 1988.


INSTRUMENT TEAMS

image of turbulence FPI (Fast Plasma Investigation) on the MMS (Magnetospheric Multi-Scale) SMART (Solving Magnetospheric Acceleration, Reconnection and Turbulence) instrument suite selected for CSR (Concept Study Review) on 25 September 2003

image image and link to hardware page LENA (Low Energy Neutral Atom) imager on the IMAGE (Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration) spacecraft

picture of sun/interplanetary medium/magnetosphere/link to MFI MFI (Magnetic Field Investigation) on the WIND spacecraft

schematic of MASS instrument/link to U of MD SMS (SWICS-MASS-STICS) package on the WIND spacecraft

picture of outer planets/link to APL LECP (Low Energy Charged Particle) experiment on the Voyager-1 and Voyager-2 spacecraft

ELENA (Emitted Low-Energy Neutral Atoms) sensor on the SERENA (Search for Exospheric Refilling and Emitted Natural Abundances) suite under development for ESA's Bepi-Colombo mission to Mercury



HONORS AND AWARDS



PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES



maintained by: Michael R. Collier
last updated: 21 December 2004
through: 14 October 2004